Vaccine Co-Administration

A practical summary of vaccine co-administration guidance, based on current recommendations in the Australian Immunisation Handbook (AIH).

Source: Australian Immunisation Handbook

Last updated: August 2026

Vaccine Co-administration

Jump to a disease

  1. Respiratory diseases — influenza, RSV, COVID-19, pneumococcal disease, pertussis.
  2. Childhood/adolescent diseases — measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella, HPV.
  3. Older-adult diseases — influenza, COVID-19, RSV, pneumococcal disease, shingles.
  4. Travel and vector-borne diseases — Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever, typhoid, hepatitis A, rabies.
  5. Blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases — hepatitis B, HPV.
  6. Meningitis and invasive bacterial diseases — meningococcal disease, pneumococcal disease, Hib.
CholeraMeaslesRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
COVID-19Meningococcal diseaseRotavirus
DiphtheriaMpoxRubella
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)MumpsTetanus
Hepatitis APertussis (whooping cough)Tuberculosis
Hepatitis BPneumococcal diseaseTyphoid fever
Human papillomavirus (HPV)Poliomyelitis (polio)Varicella (chickenpox)
Influenza (flu)Q-feverYellow fever
Japanese encephalitisRabies and other lyssavirusesZoster (herpes zoster)

The IC is trialling this webpage and we welcome your feedback

Cholera

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Oral inactivated cholera vaccine

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Oral inactivated cholera vaccine

Travellers can receive the inactivated oral cholera vaccine before, with, or after other parenteral travel vaccines.

People receiving inactivated oral cholera vaccine and oral live attenuated typhoid vaccine should have the vaccines at least 8 hours apart. The buffer in the cholera vaccine may affect how the capsules of oral typhoid vaccine move through the gastrointestinal tract. See Contraindications and precautions. View relevant Australian Immunisation Handbook section

Oral live attenuated cholera vaccine

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Oral live attenuated cholera vaccine

No interaction studies have been performed on co-administration of current formulation oral live attenuated cholera vaccines with other vaccines. Interaction studies on co-administration of older formulations of the oral live attenuated cholera vaccine with live oral typhoid vaccine, oral polio vaccine, and yellow fever vaccine found that the immune response was not affected for either vaccine. Travellers can receive the live attenuated oral cholera vaccine at the same time as any other parenteral travel vaccines.

If the person is also receiving the oral live attenuated typhoid vaccine, give the 2 vaccines at least 2 hours apart See Contraindications and precautions. View relevant Australian Immunisation Handbook section

Jump back to top

COVID-19

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People aged ≥5 years

Australian Immunisation Handbook – People aged ≥5 years

COVID-19 vaccines can be co-administered with other vaccines in people aged ≥5 years.

Studies demonstrate the safety and immunogenicity of co-administration of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines. COVID-19 vaccines can also be co-administered with other vaccines if required, including routine childhood and adolescent vaccines.

Replicating mpox vaccines (such as ACAM) and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines both carry a small risk of myocarditis, but the risk from non-replicating MVA-BN mpox vaccines remains unknown. If the timing of MVA-BN is not urgent, consider spacing apart MVA-BN mpox vaccine and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines by four weeks, to allow attribution for any adverse reaction. This is particularly relevant for young males or people with specific relevant concerns.

Children aged 6 months to <5 years

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Children aged 6 months to <5 years

For children aged 6 months to <5 years it is preferable to separate administration of COVID-19 vaccine from other vaccines by 7–14 days.

There are limited data on the safety and immunogenicity of co-administration in this age group. Theoretically, co-administration may lead to higher rates of adverse events, including fever. However, COVID-19 vaccines can be co-administered if separation of vaccines would be logistically challenging.

Jump back to top

Diphtheria

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Do not mix DTPa- or dTpa-containing vaccines or dT vaccine with any other vaccine in the same syringe, unless specifically registered for use in this way.

Diphtheria-toxoid vaccines can be co-administered with most other vaccines and immunisation products such as RSV monoclonal antibodies.

Vaxelis can be given at the same time as other scheduled vaccines, including MenB vaccines.

Nimenrix vaccine contains small amounts of tetanus toxoid. If a person needs to receive Nimenrix and a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid, co-administration of these vaccines is preferred. Giving Nimenrix after a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid may interfere with the immune response against some meningococcal serogroups. There is uncertainty about whether this reduced immune response affects clinical protection, and there are no data on the optimal interval between the vaccines. Therefore, Nimenrix should be given as scheduled, even if it is being given shortly after a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid.

Jump back to top

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive Hib-containing vaccines at any time before or after, or with, most other vaccines or immunisation products (such as RSV-specific monoclonal antibody).

Vaxelis can be given at the same time as other scheduled vaccines, including MenB vaccines.

Jump back to top

Hepatitis A

View this section in the Australian Immunisation Handbook

Hepatitis A vaccines are inactivated vaccines.

Travellers can receive hepatitis A vaccines in Australia at any time before or after, or with, all other vaccines relevant to international travel and vaccines on the National Immunisation Program schedule.

If a combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B vaccine is not available, the person can receive both monovalent vaccines at the same time. Use separate syringes and administer at separate sites. See Interchangeability of hepatitis A vaccines and review the recommended minimum intervals.

Jump back to top

Hepatitis B

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive hepatitis B and combination hepatitis A-hepatitis B vaccines at any time before or after, or with, most other vaccines.

Infants and children can receive hepatitis B vaccines at the same time as other immunisation products (such as oral or intramuscular vitamin K, hepatitis B immunoglobulin and RSV monoclonal antibodies). Because vaccines target specific antigens, there is unlikely to be any interference with other disease antigens from other immunisation products.

Vaxelis can be given at the same time as other scheduled vaccines, including MenB vaccines.

Jump back to top

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

HPV vaccine can be given at the same time as the following vaccines, using separate syringes and injection sites:

  • dTpa (reduced antigen content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine)
  • dTpa-IPV (reduced antigen content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus vaccine)
  • hepB (monovalent hepatitis B vaccine)
  • MenACWY (quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine)
  • COVID-19 vaccines (if required)

Jump back to top

Influenza (flu)

View this section in the Australian Immunisation Handbook

Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive inactivated influenza vaccines, including the adjuvanted vaccine, at the same time as, or separate to, other vaccines, including dTpa, RSV, zoster, pneumococcal and COVID-19 vaccines. LAIV can be given at the same time as, or at any interval before or after other currently used vaccines, including live vaccines. The 4 week interval required between two live parenteral vaccines not given in the same day, is not required between LAIV and a live parenteral vaccine. Studies of LAIV co-administered with MMR, varicella and oral polio vaccines show similar immune responses and safety profiles as when they are administered separately.

The likelihood of local and systemic adverse events may increase when inactivated influenza vaccines are co-administered. Vaccine safety surveillance data from Australia reports similar rates of adverse events following Shingrix when co-administered with other vaccines as compared to Shingrix administered alone.

Co-administration of inactivated influenza and RSV vaccines have shown slightly lower antibody responses to certain strains contained in the influenza and RSV vaccines compared with when these vaccines are administered separately. The clinical significance of these decreased antibody responses is uncertain and was not seen in co-administration studies with unadjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine.

Data on coadministration of influenza and RSV vaccines in pregnant women is still emerging, however there are no theoretical concerns.

Jump back to top

Japanese encephalitis

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Imojev

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Imojev

People can receive Imojev at the same time as:

  • yellow fever vaccine
  • MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine

If a person does not receive Imojev and yellow fever vaccine (or other live vaccines) at the same time, they should receive them at least 4 weeks apart.

No data on co-administration with any other vaccines are available, but Imojev can be co-administered with other vaccines, including seasonal influenza vaccine, if required.

If co-administering a JE vaccine with another vaccine, it is recommended to administer the vaccines in different limbs.

JEspect

Australian Immunisation Handbook – JEspect

People can receive JEspect at the same time as:

  • hepatitis A vaccine
  • quadrivalent (ACWY) meningococcal conjugate vaccine
  • rabies vaccine

Co-administration with other vaccines (including seasonal influenza vaccine or yellow fever vaccine) has not been assessed, but JEspect can be co-administered with other vaccines, if required.

If co-administering a JE vaccine with another vaccine, it is recommended to administer the vaccines in different limbs.

Jump back to top

Measles

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive MMR or MMRV vaccine at the same time as other live attenuated parenteral vaccines or other inactivated vaccines or other immunisation productions (such as RSV-specific monoclonal antibody), using separate syringes and injection site. If a person does not receive MMR or MMRV vaccine at the same time as other live attenuated parenteral vaccines, wait at least 4 weeks between vaccinations.

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccines are not available separately as an alternative to MMR vaccine. However, a monovalent varicella vaccine is available (see Varicella).

If a person receives MMR vaccine at the same time as monovalent varicella vaccine, use separate syringes and injection sites. Do not mix MMR vaccine and monovalent varicella vaccine together before injection.

Jump back to top

Meningococcal disease

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

MenACWY vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – MenACWY vaccines

  • MenACWY vaccines can be co-administered with most other vaccines.
  • MenACWY vaccines are safe to use with most other vaccines given in childhood and adolescence. In most studies, the frequency of reactions after vaccination was similar regardless of whether the vaccines were received together or separately. Some studies showed slight increases in mild reactions when vaccines were given together.

If a person needs to receive Nimenrix and a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid (such as Infanrix hexa or Vaxelis), co-administration of these vaccines is preferred. Giving Nimenrix after a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid may interfere with the immune response against some meningococcal serogroups. There is uncertainty about whether this reduced immune response affects clinical protection, and there are no data on the optimal interval between the vaccines. Therefore, Nimenrix should be given as scheduled, even if it is being given shortly after a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid.

MenB and MenACWY vaccines can be co-administered at any age. Clinical studies for concomitant use of the MenB vaccine with MenACWY vaccines show non-inferior immune responses and tolerable safety profiles.

MenB vaccine

Australian Immunisation Handbook – MenB vaccine

Bexsero can be safely given with other routine vaccines.

Children <2 years of age have an increased risk of fever if Bexsero is co-administered with other routine vaccines, compared with when these vaccines are given separately (see Adverse events).

However, this is not a contraindication to co-administration of Bexsero with other vaccines. Children <2 years of age are recommended to receive prophylactic paracetamol if they are receiving Bexsero at the same time as other routinely scheduled vaccines. See Contraindications and precautions.

Children <2 years of age can receive Bexsero separately from other routine infant vaccines, with a minimum interval of 3 days, to minimise the risk of fever. In this case, give routinely recommended vaccines first.

MenB and MenACWY vaccines can be co-administered at any age.

Jump back to top

Mpox (previously known as monkeypox)

View this section in the Australian Immunisation Handbook

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Co-administration with an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine

Replicating mpox vaccines (such as ACAM) and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines both carry a slightly increased risk of myocarditis, but the risk from non-replicating MVA-BN mpox vaccines remains unknown. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has added “myocarditis, pericarditis” as an observed adverse reaction in the “Post-marketing Experience” section of the JYNNEOS product information. However, a causal relationship to vaccine exposure has not been established.

If the timing of mpox vaccination is not urgent, consider administering MVA-BN and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines 4 weeks apart to minimise incorrect attribution of any adverse events. This is particularly relevant for people who are in a higher risk group for myocarditis, such as young males. However, this is precautionary only. Recent recipients of an mRNA vaccine should not delay administration of PEP or primary vaccination if protection is urgent.

Co-administration with other vaccine, including live vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccine, including live vaccines

There are no data on co-administration of MVA-BN mpox vaccine, but inactivated (or non-replicating) vaccines such as MVA-BN mpox vaccine can generally be co-administered safely with other vaccines. There may be a theoretical risk of an attenuated immune response due to vaccine interference with other vaccines, but it is generally better for vaccination to proceed to avoid any delay in protection.

Jump back to top

Mumps

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive MMR or MMRV vaccine at the same time as other live attenuated parenteral vaccines or other inactivated vaccines,3 or other immunisation productions (such as RSV-specific monoclonal antibody), using separate syringes and injection sites. If a person does not receive MMR or MMRV vaccine at the same time as other live attenuated parenteral vaccines, wait at least 4 weeks between vaccinations.

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccines are not available separately as an alternative to MMR vaccine. However, a monovalent varicella vaccine is available (see Varicella).

If a person receives MMR vaccine at the same time as monovalent varicella vaccine, use separate syringes and injection sites. Do not mix MMR vaccine and monovalent varicella vaccine together before injection.

Jump back to top

Pertussis (whooping cough)

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Do not mix DTPa- or dTpa-containing vaccines with any other vaccine in the same syringe, unless specifically registered for use in this way.

Pertussis-containing vaccines can be co-administered at the same time, or separate to, other vaccines and immunisation products such as RSV monoclonal antibodies. Vaxelis can be given at the same time as other scheduled vaccines, including MenB vaccines.

Pregnant women can receive pertussis-containing vaccines at the same time, or separate to, other vaccines particularly influenza vaccines or RSV vaccine (Abrysvo). There is a small reduction in anti-pertussis antibodies (to filamentous haemagglutinin and pertactin) when RSV vaccine (Abrysvo) and dTpa vaccines were co-administered in non-pregnant women. The clinical significance of this is uncertain and no additional dTpa doses are recommended.

Nimenrix vaccine contains small amounts of tetanus toxoid. If a person needs to receive Nimenrix and a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid, co-administration of these vaccines is preferred. Giving Nimenrix after a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid may interfere with the immune response against some meningococcal serogroups. There is uncertainty about whether this reduced immune response affects clinical protection, and there are no data on the optimal interval between the vaccines. Therefore, Nimenrix should be given as scheduled, even if it is being given shortly after a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid.

Jump back to top

Pneumococcal

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Infants and children

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Infants and children

Infants can receive PCV at the same time as, or separate to, other vaccines or immunisation products in the infant schedule, including inactivated influenza vaccine and RSV-specific monoclonal antibody.

Older adults

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Older adults

Adults can receive PCV at the same time as, or separate to, other vaccines, such as zoster, seasonal influenza, RSV and COVID-19 vaccines. See also Herpes zoster, Influenza, RSV and COVID-19. There are practical advantages of co-administration, including benefits in maximising coverage and ensuring vaccines are received on time.

A co-administration study on 21vPCV and influenza vaccine showed lower antibody responses to most pneumococcal serotypes and influenza subtypes when given at the same time compared with when these vaccines are administered separately. The clinical significance of these decreased antibody responses is uncertain.

Jump back to top

Poliomyelitis

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive IPV-containing combination vaccines at any time before or after, or with, most other vaccines and with immunisation products such as RSV monoclonal antibodies.

Vaxelis can be given at the same time as other scheduled vaccines, including MenB vaccines.

Jump back to top

Q fever

There is no “Co-Administration” section for Q fever in the AIH. View Q fever overview in the Australian Immunisation Handbook

Jump back to top

Rabies and other lyssaviruses

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Rabies vaccines can be co-administered with other vaccines, using separate injection sites.

Jump back to top

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Older adults

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Older adults

Older adults can receive RSV vaccines at the same time as, or separate to, other vaccines, such as COVID-19, influenza, zoster and pneumococcal vaccines. There are practical advantages of co-administration, including benefits in maximising coverage and ensuring vaccines are received on time.

Co-administration studies on RSV and influenza vaccines have shown slightly lower antibody responses to certain strains contained in the RSV vaccine and influenza vaccines compared with when these vaccines are administered separately. The clinical significance of these decreased antibody responses is uncertain.

The likelihood of local and systemic adverse events may also increase with co-administration. When RSV vaccine was given at the same time as adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine in clinical trials:

  • local adverse events were seen in up to 53% of the co-administered group, compared with 40% when RSV vaccine was given alone
  • systemic adverse events were seen in up to 45% of the co-administered group, compared with 34% when RSV vaccine was given alone

Pregnant women

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Pregnant women

Pregnant women can receive Abrysvo at the same time as, or separate to, dTpa, influenza and COVID-19 vaccines as well as Rh (D) Immunoglobulin (Anti-D). Data on co-administration in pregnant women are still emerging, but there are no theoretical concerns.

Studies on co-administration in non-pregnant women showed no safety concerns. There was a small reduction in anti-pertussis antibodies (to filamentous haemagglutinin and pertactin) when Abrysvo and dTpa vaccines were given at the same time. However, the clinical significance of this is uncertain and no additional dTpa doses are recommended. There were no differences in the immune response to the RSV vaccine.

Infants and children

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Infants and children

Infants and children can receive either nirsevimab or palivizumab at the same time, or separate to, routine infant and childhood vaccines and other products (such as oral or intramuscular vitamin K and hepatitis B immunoglobulin).

Co-administration data in infants and children are limited, but studies where nirsevimab was given on the same day as, or within 2 weeks of, routine childhood vaccines showed no difference in safety outcomes compared with when given separately. Because monoclonal antibodies target specific antigens, there is unlikely to be any interference with other disease antigens from vaccines or other immunisation products.

Jump back to top

Rotavirus

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Rotavirus vaccines can be co-administered with other vaccines or immunisation products (such as RSV-specific monoclonal antibody).

Co-administration of oral rotavirus vaccines is safe and effective. Rotavirus vaccines do not interfere with the immune response to antigens in other vaccines (DTPa [diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis], Hib [Haemophilus influenzae type b], polio, hepatitis B and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines).

There are no restrictions on the timing of any other live vaccines in relation to rotavirus vaccines. These may include BCG (bacille Calmette–Guérin) vaccine or oral poliomyelitis vaccine given overseas.

Jump back to top

Rubella

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive MMR or MMRV vaccine at the same time as other live attenuated parenteral vaccines or other inactivated vaccines,13 or other immunisation products (such as RSV-specific monoclonal antibody), using separate syringes and injection sites. If a person does not receive MMR or MMRV vaccine at the same time as other live attenuated parenteral vaccines, wait at least 4 weeks between vaccinations.

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccines are not available separately as an alternative to MMR vaccine. However, a monovalent varicella vaccine is available (see Varicella).

If a person receives MMR vaccine at the same time as monovalent varicella vaccine, use separate syringes and injection sites. Do not mix MMR vaccine and monovalent varicella vaccine together before injection.

Jump back to top

Tetanus

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Do not mix DTPa- or dTpa-containing vaccines or dT vaccine with any other vaccine in the same syringe, unless specifically registered for use in this way.

Tetanus-toxoid vaccines can be co-administered with most other vaccines and with immunisation products such as RSV monoclonal antibodies.

Vaxelis can be given at the same time as other scheduled vaccines, including MenB vaccines.

Nimenrix vaccine contains small amounts of tetanus toxoid. If a person needs to receive Nimenrix and a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid, co-administration of these vaccines is preferred. Giving Nimenrix after a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid may interfere with the immune response against some meningococcal serogroups. There is uncertainty about whether this reduced immune response affects clinical protection, and there are no data on the optimal interval between the vaccines. Therefore, Nimenrix should be given as scheduled, even if it is being given shortly after a vaccine containing tetanus toxoid.

Jump back to top

Tuberculosis

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive BCG vaccine at the same time as, or at any time after, other inactivated vaccines.

People can receive BCG vaccine and another live parenteral vaccine (such as MMR [measles-mumps-rubella], varicella or yellow fever) either on the same day or at least 4 weeks apart.

For three months following a BCG vaccine, do not give any other vaccine in the same arm.

People can receive BCG vaccine at any time in relation to oral live vaccines. These include rotavirus vaccine and oral poliovirus vaccine (in infants who have received it overseas).

Jump back to top

Typhoid fever

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Oral live attenuated vaccine

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Oral live attenuated vaccine

Children and adults can receive oral typhoid vaccine at the same time as any other live parenteral vaccines. This includes yellow fever vaccine, BCG (bacille Calmette–Guérin) vaccine or MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine. 1,4

If the person is also receiving the inactivated oral cholera vaccine, give the 2 vaccines at least 8 hours apart. See Contraindications and precautions. View relevant Australian Immunisation Handbook section

Children and adults can receive the oral live attenuated typhoid vaccine at the same time as mefloquine or atovaquone/proguanil combination (Malarone). However, other antimalarials, including doxycycline, may interfere with the activity of the live attenuated typhoid vaccine and should not be started within 72 hours of the last dose of oral typhoid vaccine. See Contraindications and precautions. View relevant Australian Immunisation Handbook section

Parenteral Vi polysaccharide vaccine

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Parenteral Vi polysaccharide vaccine

Children and adults can receive parenteral Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine at any time before or after, or with, other travel vaccines, such as oral cholera or yellow fever vaccines.

Jump back to top

Varicella (chickenpox)

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive varicella or MMRV vaccine at the same time as other live attenuated parenteral vaccines, other inactivated vaccines,18 or immunisation products (such as RSV-specific monoclonal antibody), using separate syringes and injection sites. If a person does not receive varicella or MMRV vaccine at the same time as other live attenuated parenteral vaccines, wait at least 4 weeks between vaccinations.

If a person receives MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine at the same time as monovalent varicella vaccine, use separate syringes and injection sites. Do not mix MMR vaccine and monovalent varicella vaccine together before injection.

Jump back to top

Yellow fever

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

Children and adults can receive yellow fever vaccine at any time before or after, or with, inactivated vaccines and oral live vaccines relevant to travel (such as cholera and typhoid).

Children and adults can receive yellow fever vaccine and most other parenteral live vaccines either:

  • on the same day, or
  • at least 4 weeks apart

If a person receives yellow fever vaccine at the same time as other live vaccines, this does not affect their immune response to any of the vaccine antigens. This includes co-administration with:

  • Japanese encephalitis vaccine
  • BCG (bacille Calmette–Guérin) vaccine

One Brazilian study suggested that co-administration of yellow fever and MMR vaccines on the same day resulted in lower seroconversion rates to the vaccine antigens than when the vaccines were given at least 4 weeks apart. A more recent study showed lower antibody concentrations for two of the antigens, but non-inferior seroconversion for all antigens, when the vaccines were co-administered as compared with a 4 week interval. While it is preferable to give yellow fever and MMR vaccines 4 weeks apart, if protection is required rapidly or there is a concern about a missed opportunity for vaccination, the two vaccines can be given at the same visit. An additional dose of MMR should be considered and re-vaccination with the yellow fever vaccine can also be considered on a case-by-case basis for those at on-going risk. See Immunogenicity in children  in Vaccine information View relevant Australian Immunisation Handbook section View relevant Australian Immunisation Handbook section

Jump back to top

Zoster (herpes zoster)

Co-administration with other vaccines

Australian Immunisation Handbook – Co-administration with other vaccines

People can receive zoster vaccine with other inactivated vaccines (such as tetanus-containing vaccines, pneumococcal vaccines, RSV vaccines, influenza vaccines and COVID-19 vaccines), either:

  • at the same time, or
  • at any time after

There is the potential for an increase in mild to moderate adverse events when more than one vaccine is given at the same time. Vaccine safety surveillance data from Australia reports similar rates of adverse events following Shingrix when co-administered with other vaccines as compared to Shingrix administered alone.

Jump back to top